The fruit and vegetable lexicon

Artichoke

Artichoke is native to North Africa, Ethiopia and Egypt. It is scientifically named Cynara cardunculus, it is a domesticated thistle, a dicotyledonous plant of the Asteraceae family, belonging to...

Asparagus

Asparagus is a genus of flowering plant in the Asparageceae family and it is native to Eurasia. Asparagus is mostly cultivated as a vegetable plant. The term also refers to its edible shoots....

Avocado

Native to Mexico, avocado is the fruit of avocado (persea americana), a tree in the Lauraceae family. There are three main varieties, the most popular of one is Hass avocado. The word avocado comes...

Banana

Botanically considered as a berry, banana is an edible plant produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants. It is generally sterile when it comes from domesticated varieties.

Beet

Sugar beet cultivation occupies 7 million hectares worldwide, for a total production estimated at 270 million tonnes. However, that of fodder beet provides only 10 million tonnes for animal feed....

Cabbage

Belonging to the Brassicaceae family, cabbages are most often edible vegetables whose leaves and fleshy inflorescence are consumed in the case of cauliflower, or the swollen stem in that of kohlrabi.

Carrot

The production of the 500 varieties of carrots grown in the world is estimated at 36 million tons per year. This production is dominated by China, which harvests more than half, that is 17 Mt. They...

Celery

Celery is very low in calories, between 12 and 20 kilocalories per 100 grams, and according to some authors, it is even considered a vegetable with negative calories, its digestion consumes more...

Chard

It is a plant very close to beet, because both are derived from the same subspecies. We also call this chard vegetable, Swiss chard, Swiss chard, carded perry, in Occitan Bleda or Blea, in...

Garlic

Bulb plant which is composed of 3 to 20 bulbils (pods), garlic raises its many leaves sheathing the bottom of the stem to 60 cm in height. Its inflorescence is enveloped by a spathe which fades...

Tamarillo

Lemon

The origin of lemon has remained unknown for a long time, due to its polymorphism and diversity of varieties. Some researchers located its wild ancestor in the Indo-Burmese region, and even in...

Endive

Worldwide production of endive is currently concentrated in three countries, France, the leading European producer, Belgium and the Netherlands. Our country produces around 160,000 tons, of which...

Broad Bean

Although the Broad bean was in the past one of the most cultivated vegetables in the world, Vicia Faba has fallen into relative oblivion today. However, Russia remains the world’s largest producer,...

Fennel

It is a plant that has spread in the wild in all Mediterranean macroecosystems. In ancient Greece, wild fennel was associated with clear vision, but also represented the emblem of strength and...

Kiwi

The name Kiwi was proposed in 1959 by the New Zealand company Turners and Growers for patriotic and political reasons. Kiwi is, on the one hand, the vernacular name of the apterygiforme, emblematic...

Lime

Lime tree, that is, the Citrus Aurantifolia, represent only a very small part of the world trade. The variety Citrus Latifolia, known commercially as Persia lime, or Tahiti, is the preferred by...

Passion Fruit

Passion fruit is the fruit of the Passiflora vine, a type of passion flower. It has a tough outer rind and juicy, seed-filled center. It is native to Paraguay, north-eastern Argentina, and Brazil.

Shallot

Cultivated as a condiment and a vegetable strongly integrated in the French cuisine, the shallot is sometimes considered as a separate spice and other times as a simple variety of onions whose...

Spinach

It is currently cultivated in all temperate regions of our planet. World production is dominated by China, which produces about 20 million tons per year, followed by the United States, Japan,...

Squash

Zucchini

Zucchini is present at the market in the northern hemisphere from May to September. In Europe 1.5 million tons are produced, and our country is the third largest producer behind Spain and Italy. In...

Mango

The mango is a fleshy fruit that can weigh from 0.3 to 2 kg. In botany, it is a drupe whose pulp adheres to a wide, flat and slippery bone. It can be round, oval or reniform, and has a yellow,...

Mandarin

The mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata), also known as the mandarin or mandarine, is a small citrus tree with fruit resembling other oranges, usually eaten plain or in fruit salads. Its flesh is...

Onion

The world’s annual production of onions now amounts to 85 million tons. The main producers are China, India and the United States. Onion production in France is currently estimated at 321,000 tons...

Apple

An apple is a sweet, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (Malus domestic). In France, it is the most consumed edible fruit and the third in the planet. The main types of apples come from the...

Orange

Like all citrus fruits, orange is presented in the form of a berry called hesperidium. Oranges are classified into four varied groups. Edible, they are known for their high vitamin C content and...

Grapefruit

The fruit is often confused with the pamplemousse, also called pomelo, from which it inherited the important size and a little bitterness, but without the thick skin and the many seeds. This Citrus...

Papaya

Papaya is always a fruit of intense commercialization. Annual world production is currently estimated at 15 million tons and is concentrated in Asia at 51 per cent, in the Americas at 39 per cent...

Pear

The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus Pyrus in the Rosaceae family, bearing the pomaceous fruit of the same name. The pear is a fruit with a sweet taste and with two thousand varieties....

Peas

Potato

China is the world’s largest potato producer, ahead of India and Russia. These three countries account for 40% of the world market. In 20 years, the share of developing countries had increased from...

Radish

Adishes are considered annual plants, but some varieties may be biannual. These vegetables are provided with a tuberized hypocotyl of different shapes, spherical or cylindrical, that is presented...

Tomato

An essential element of both Mediterranean cuisine and world cuisine, tomatoes are eaten as a vegetable, either raw or cooked. It is an annual herbaceous plant of rampant size, with branched stems....

Persimmon

The persimmon is an edible fruit of trees in the genus Diospyris. This fruit belongs to the Ebenaceae family. The most videly cultivated varieties are called Japanese Persimmon and Asian Persimmon....

Banana Passionfruit

Curuba produces an elongated fruit with a weight of 50 to 150 g, whose pulp is yellow, very aqueous, acidic, but very perfumed, and used to make juices and nectars appreciated by the Colombians....

Chinese Artichoke

Its cultivation came back in the 70s and now, in winter, it is possible to acquire this pearly white tuber that looks like a large caterpillar. It has a fine and sweet flavor, similar to artichokes...

Limquat

Limequat is a small, leafy shrub with little, oblong, oval, green leaves. Its fruit is small, ovoid, yellowish or greenish and contains little seeds called pips. Its peel is soft and its pulp has a...

Quince

They are acidic fruits with a high pH of about 3.7. They contain malic acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid and very little citric acid. Rich in pectins, the quince contains very few...

Romaine Lettuce

Roman lettuce comes from the wild species Lactuca Scariola, of Eurasian origin, which has been derived in a multitude of varieties depending on the regions where it has been cultivated for...

Spring Onion

Since they really consist of two parts, the white bottoms and the green shoots on top, scallions are a uniquely versatile vegetable with two distinct flavors. The flavor of the bottom white section...

Star Apple

Swede

They are grown for their white or yellow root intended for animal and human feeding. The other varieties are of white pulp. Depending on the maturity of the root, it is a fodder or garden...

Tuberous Chervil